File Info
| Exam | Implementing Cisco IP Switched Networks (SWITCH v2.0) |
| Number | 300-115 |
| File Name | Cisco.300-115.1e.73q.vcex |
| Size | 3.04 Mb |
| Posted | July 24, 2018 |
| Downloads | 87 |
| Download | Cisco.300-115.1e.73q.vcex |
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Demo Questions
Question 1
What command should you use to quickly view the HSRP state of the switch for all HSRP groups of which the switch is a member?
- A: switch# show standby brief
- B: switch# show ip interface brief
- C: switch# show hsrp
- D: switch# show standby
Correct Answer: A
The command show standby brief should be used to quickly view the HSRP state of a switch for all HSRP groups of which it is a member. The summary information it provides includes the group number, priority, state, active device address, standby address, and group address.
The command show standby can be used to display detailed information about HSRP groups of which a switch is a member. This command would not provide a quick view. This command displays information about HSRP on all configured interfaces and for all HSRP groups. It also displays hello timer information and the expiration timer for the standby switch.
The command show ip interface brief is useful in that lists the interfaces and displays the basic IP configuration of each. This output would include the IP address of the interface and the state of the interface, but now HSRP information.
The command show hsrp is not a valid command due to incorrect syntax.
Objective:
Infrastructure Services
Sub-Objective:
Configure and verify first-hop redundancy protocols
References:
Cisco > Cisco IOS IP Application Services Command Reference > show standby
Cisco > Cisco IOS IP Application Services Configuration Guide, Release 12.4 > Part 1: First Hop Redundancy Protocols > Configuring HSRP
The command show standby can be used to display detailed information about HSRP groups of which a switch is a member. This command would not provide a quick view. This command displays information about HSRP on all configured interfaces and for all HSRP groups. It also displays hello timer information and the expiration timer for the standby switch.
The command show ip interface brief is useful in that lists the interfaces and displays the basic IP configuration of each. This output would include the IP address of the interface and the state of the interface, but now HSRP information.
The command show hsrp is not a valid command due to incorrect syntax.
Objective:
Infrastructure Services
Sub-Objective:
Configure and verify first-hop redundancy protocols
References:
Cisco > Cisco IOS IP Application Services Command Reference > show standby
Cisco > Cisco IOS IP Application Services Configuration Guide, Release 12.4 > Part 1: First Hop Redundancy Protocols > Configuring HSRP
Question 2
With this configuration, which of the following is true?
Examine the configuration shown below in a partial output of the show run command executed from Router 5.
With this configuration, which of the following is true?
- A: if POS 1/0 goes down, Router 5 will become the AVG.
- B: if POS 1/0 goes down, Router 5 will relinquish its role as AVG.
- C: if POS 1/0 and POS 2/0 go down, Router 5 will relinquish its role as AVG.
- D: if POS 1/0 and POS 2/0 go down, Router 5 will become the AVG.
Correct Answer: C
If POS 1/0 and POS 2/0 go down, Router 5 will relinquish its role as active virtual gateway (AVG). The example indicates that Router 5 is configured a member of Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) group 156 and that it is tracking the state of two of interfaces, POS 1/0 and 2/0. An initial weighting value of 120 has been assigned to the router in line 4, and upper and lower thresholds of 95 and 110 have been configured, respectively.
In lines 5 and 6, decrement values of 20 and 10 have assigned to the tracking of interface POS 1/0 and POS2/0, respectively. If either of the tracked interfaces goes down, the weight value of the router will be decreased by the amount of the decrement value. If the weight falls below the lower threshold (95), the router will relinquish its role as the AVG. If either single interface that is being tracked goes down, the weight value will not fall below the lower threshold, and the router will maintain its role of AVG. This occurs because 120 - 20 = 100, which is higher than 95 (the lowest threshold), and 120 - 10 = 110, which is also higher than 95. If both interfaces go down, the value will fall below the lower threshold (120 - 10 - 20 = 90, which is lower than 95), and the router will give up its role as the AVG.
The loss of interfaces will never cause a router to become the AVG. That can only occur if the router functioning as the current AVG in the group loses its interfaces.
The loss of either of the interfaces alone will not decrement the initial weighting value enough for it to fall below the lower threshold, and therefore will not cause the router to relinquish its role as AVG.
Objective:
Infrastructure Services
Sub-Objective:
Configure and verify first-hop redundancy protocols
References:
Cisco > Home > End-of-Sale and End-of-Life Products > Cisco IOS Software Releases > 12.2T > Product Literature > White Papers > GLBP - Gateway Load Balancing Protocol
Cisco > Cisco IOS IP Application Services Command Reference > threshold metric through weight (real server) > track
In lines 5 and 6, decrement values of 20 and 10 have assigned to the tracking of interface POS 1/0 and POS2/0, respectively. If either of the tracked interfaces goes down, the weight value of the router will be decreased by the amount of the decrement value. If the weight falls below the lower threshold (95), the router will relinquish its role as the AVG. If either single interface that is being tracked goes down, the weight value will not fall below the lower threshold, and the router will maintain its role of AVG. This occurs because 120 - 20 = 100, which is higher than 95 (the lowest threshold), and 120 - 10 = 110, which is also higher than 95. If both interfaces go down, the value will fall below the lower threshold (120 - 10 - 20 = 90, which is lower than 95), and the router will give up its role as the AVG.
The loss of interfaces will never cause a router to become the AVG. That can only occur if the router functioning as the current AVG in the group loses its interfaces.
The loss of either of the interfaces alone will not decrement the initial weighting value enough for it to fall below the lower threshold, and therefore will not cause the router to relinquish its role as AVG.
Objective:
Infrastructure Services
Sub-Objective:
Configure and verify first-hop redundancy protocols
References:
Cisco > Home > End-of-Sale and End-of-Life Products > Cisco IOS Software Releases > 12.2T > Product Literature > White Papers > GLBP - Gateway Load Balancing Protocol
Cisco > Cisco IOS IP Application Services Command Reference > threshold metric through weight (real server) > track
Question 3
You need to create an implementation plan for providing Layer 3 redundancy in your switched network. You included Hot Standby Routing Protocol (HSRP) as the protocol to avoid first-hop router failure. However, your supervisor suggests including Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) instead of HSRP in the implementation plan.
Which of the following statements is TRUE about the reasons for the suggested change in the implementation plan? (Choose two.)
- A: HSRP works only on Cisco routers and VRRP works on both Cisco and non- Cisco routers.
- B: HSRP works on both Cisco and non-Cisco routers and VRRP works only Cisco routers.
- C: HSRP-enabled routers need to be configured manually to preempt the active router and VRRP-enabled routers preempt it automatically.
- D: HSRP-enabled routers automatically preempt the active router and VRRP-enabled routers need to be configured manually to preempt the active router.
Correct Answer: AC
The following two statements are TRUE:
HSRP works only on Cisco routers and VRRP works on both Cisco and non- Cisco routers.
HSRP-enabled routers need to be configured manually to preempt the active router and VRRP-enabled routers preempt it automatically.
HSRP was developed by Cisco intended for only Cisco routers and VRRP was developed by IEFT intended as a standard for routers. HSRP was defined in RFC 2281 and VRRP was defined in RFC 2338. Both these protocols provide a fault tolerance solution by grouping several routers together but presenting them as a single router. One of the routers in the group acts as the active or master router. A second router is selected as the standby router. In case the active or master router fails, the standby router takes over the responsibilities of the active router.
The router with the highest priority is automatically selected as the active or master router. In HSRP, preempt settings have to be manually configured on every router in the group, even if the routers have a priority higher than that of the active router. However, in VRRP, the routers with higher priority automatically preempt the master router. Another advantage that VRRP has over HSRP is a faster Hello timer (1 second). HSRP has a Hello timer of 3 seconds
Two other protocols ICMP Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP) and Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) provide redundancy for first-hop router failure. IRDP also allows the selection of a new router if the active router fails, while GLBP provides load balancing in addition to redundancy.
Objective:
Infrastructure Services
Sub-Objective:
Configure and verify first-hop redundancy protocols
References:
Home > Articles > Cisco Certification > CCDP > CCDP Self Study: Designing High-Availability Services
Cisco First Hop Redundancy Protocols Configuration Guide, Cisco Release 15MT
HSRP works only on Cisco routers and VRRP works on both Cisco and non- Cisco routers.
HSRP-enabled routers need to be configured manually to preempt the active router and VRRP-enabled routers preempt it automatically.
HSRP was developed by Cisco intended for only Cisco routers and VRRP was developed by IEFT intended as a standard for routers. HSRP was defined in RFC 2281 and VRRP was defined in RFC 2338. Both these protocols provide a fault tolerance solution by grouping several routers together but presenting them as a single router. One of the routers in the group acts as the active or master router. A second router is selected as the standby router. In case the active or master router fails, the standby router takes over the responsibilities of the active router.
The router with the highest priority is automatically selected as the active or master router. In HSRP, preempt settings have to be manually configured on every router in the group, even if the routers have a priority higher than that of the active router. However, in VRRP, the routers with higher priority automatically preempt the master router. Another advantage that VRRP has over HSRP is a faster Hello timer (1 second). HSRP has a Hello timer of 3 seconds
Two other protocols ICMP Router Discovery Protocol (IRDP) and Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) provide redundancy for first-hop router failure. IRDP also allows the selection of a new router if the active router fails, while GLBP provides load balancing in addition to redundancy.
Objective:
Infrastructure Services
Sub-Objective:
Configure and verify first-hop redundancy protocols
References:
Home > Articles > Cisco Certification > CCDP > CCDP Self Study: Designing High-Availability Services
Cisco First Hop Redundancy Protocols Configuration Guide, Cisco Release 15MT
Question 4
In which HSRP state is the router a candidate to become the next active router for the group?
- A: Learn
- B: Backup
- C: Listen
- D: Initial
- E: Standby
Correct Answer: E
The HSRP router in standby state (the standby router) is a candidate to become the next active HSRP router should the current active router fail.
The six HSRP states are defined as follows:
Initial state: All routers start in this state.
Learn state: The router is in the learn state when it has not communicated with the active router. It does not know which router is the active router and does not know the IP address of the virtual router (if no HSRP IP address configured in the router).
Listen state: Once the router hears from the active router and knows the virtual IP address, it enters the listen state. It is not the active or standby router.
Speak state: After a router learns the IP address of the virtual router, it enters the speak state. It participates in the active and standby router election. It sends hello messages to the active router.
Standby state: When the active router has been elected, the second router enters the standby state. This is the standby router and it will become the active router if the active router fails.
Active state: The router is in active state when it is forwarding packets. It receives packets via the virtual IP address.
Backup is not a valid HSRP router state.
Objective:
Infrastructure Services
Sub-Objective:
Configure and verify first-hop redundancy protocols
References:
Internetworking Case Studies > Using HSRP for Fault-Tolerant IP Routing
Cisco > Cisco IOS IP Application Services Configuration Guide, Release 12.4 > Part 1: First Hop Redundancy Protocols > Configuring HSRP
The six HSRP states are defined as follows:
Initial state: All routers start in this state.
Learn state: The router is in the learn state when it has not communicated with the active router. It does not know which router is the active router and does not know the IP address of the virtual router (if no HSRP IP address configured in the router).
Listen state: Once the router hears from the active router and knows the virtual IP address, it enters the listen state. It is not the active or standby router.
Speak state: After a router learns the IP address of the virtual router, it enters the speak state. It participates in the active and standby router election. It sends hello messages to the active router.
Standby state: When the active router has been elected, the second router enters the standby state. This is the standby router and it will become the active router if the active router fails.
Active state: The router is in active state when it is forwarding packets. It receives packets via the virtual IP address.
Backup is not a valid HSRP router state.
Objective:
Infrastructure Services
Sub-Objective:
Configure and verify first-hop redundancy protocols
References:
Internetworking Case Studies > Using HSRP for Fault-Tolerant IP Routing
Cisco > Cisco IOS IP Application Services Configuration Guide, Release 12.4 > Part 1: First Hop Redundancy Protocols > Configuring HSRP
Question 5
How is load balancing achieved when implementing HSRP?
- A: By configuring multiple gateways on the routers
- B: By using multiple HSRP groups
- C: By configuring the same priority on all HSRP group members
- D: By configuring multiple virtual router addresses
Correct Answer: B
When implementing Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP), load balancing is achieved by using multiple HSRP groups. Routers configured for HSRP can belong to multiple groups and multiple VLANs. By configuring one group to be active for Router A and standby for Router B, and the second group to be active for Router B and standby for Router A, both routers A and B can be used to pass traffic, as opposed to one sitting idle.
Load balancing cannot be achieved by configuring multiple gateways on the routers. The routers have one IP address. Each group will have a virtual IP address. In the configuration below, line 4 configures the virtual IP address, and is therefore the address that clients will use as their gateway:
interface fastethernet 0/1
no switchport
ip address 192.168.5.5 255.2555.255.0
standby 1 ip 192.168.5.10
Load balancing cannot be achieved by configuring the same priority on all HSRP group members. If that were done, one of the routers would become active and the others would remain inactive standbys. The active router will be the one with the highest IP address.
Load balancing cannot be achieved by configuring multiple virtual router addresses. Each HSRP group can only have one virtual address.
Objective:
Infrastructure Services
Sub-Objective:
Configure and verify first-hop redundancy protocols
References:
Internetworking Case Studies > Using HSRP for Fault-Tolerant IP Routing
Load balancing cannot be achieved by configuring multiple gateways on the routers. The routers have one IP address. Each group will have a virtual IP address. In the configuration below, line 4 configures the virtual IP address, and is therefore the address that clients will use as their gateway:
interface fastethernet 0/1
no switchport
ip address 192.168.5.5 255.2555.255.0
standby 1 ip 192.168.5.10
Load balancing cannot be achieved by configuring the same priority on all HSRP group members. If that were done, one of the routers would become active and the others would remain inactive standbys. The active router will be the one with the highest IP address.
Load balancing cannot be achieved by configuring multiple virtual router addresses. Each HSRP group can only have one virtual address.
Objective:
Infrastructure Services
Sub-Objective:
Configure and verify first-hop redundancy protocols
References:
Internetworking Case Studies > Using HSRP for Fault-Tolerant IP Routing
