Download ECCouncil.312-50v12.PassLeader.2025-03-19.181q.tqb

* Network-Based Scanner: Network-based scanners are those that interact only with the real machine where they reside and give the report to the same machine after scanning. * Agent-Based Scanner: Agent-based scanners reside on a single machine but can scan several machines on the same network. * Proxy Scanner: Proxy scanners are the network-based scanners that can scan networks from any machine on the network. * Cluster scanner: Cluster scanners are similar to proxy scanners, but they can simultaneously perform two or more scans on different machines in the network. 

In this scenario, the attacker used file-less malware to bypass the company's application whitelisting. File-less malware resides entirely in memory, making it difficult for antivirus software and IDS/IPS to detect. It can run in the context of a trusted process or system application, and can be delivered through various attack vectors, including phishing emails, malicious websites, or network exploits. 

In a session donation attack, the attacker donates their own session ID to the target user. In this attack, the attacker first obtains a valid session ID by logging into a service and later feeds the same session ID to the target user. This session ID links a target user to the attacker’s account page without disclosing any information to the victim. When the target user clicks on the link and enters the details (username, password, payment details, etc.) in a form, the entered details are linked to the attacker’s account. To initiate this attack, the attacker can send their session ID using techniques such as cross-site cooking, an MITM attack, and session fixation. A session donation attack involves the following steps. 

Obfuscating is an IDS evasion technique used by attackers to encode the attack packet payload in such a way that the destination host can only decode the packet but not the IDS. Using Unicode characters, an attacker can encode attack packets that the IDS would not recognize but which an IIS web server can decode.   

SELECT Count(*) FROM Users WHERE UserName='Blah' or 1=1 --' AND Password='Springfield' SQL Query Executed : SELECT Count(*) FROM Users WHERE UserName='Blah' or 1=1 Code after -- are now comments : --' AND Password='Springfield' 

The VRFY commands enables SMTP clients to send an invitation to an SMTP server to verify that mail for a selected user name resides on the server. The VRFY command is defined in RFC 821.The server sends a response indicating whether the user is local or not, whether mail are going to be forwarded, and so on. A response of 250 indicates that the user name is local; a response of 251 indicates that the user name isn't local, but the server can forward the message. The server response includes the mailbox name. 

FTPS includes full support for the TLS and SSL cryptographic protocols, including the use of server-side public key authentication certificates and client-side authorization certificates. It also supports compatible ciphers, including AES, RC4, RC2, Triple DES, and DES. It further supports hash functions SHA, MD5, MD4, and MD2. 

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is a protocol used for managing and monitoring network devices, such as routers, switches, and servers. SNMP uses UDP port 161 for communication. However, SNMP V1 and V2 use clear text community strings for authentication, making them vulnerable to eavesdropping and other attacks. To secure SNMP traffic, Bill should change the SNMP version to SNMP V3, which provides enhanced security features, such as authentication, encryption, and message integrity. SNMP V3 requires a username and password for authentication, and it supports encryption of the data being transmitted. 

https://nmap.org/book/man-briefoptions.html-sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info   

HIPAA/PHI: The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) establishes rules and regulations to safeguard protected health information (PHI). It applies to healthcare providers, health plans, and other entities handling patient data to ensure its confidentiality, integrity, and availability.