Download ECCouncil.312-50v12.VCEplus.2022-09-28.50q.vcex

Webhooks are one of a few ways internet applications will communicate with one another.It allows you to send real-time data from one application to another whenever a given event happens.For example, let's say you've created an application using the Foursquare API that tracks when people check into your restaurant. You ideally wish to be able to greet customers by name and provide a complimentary drink when they check in.What a webhook will is notify you any time someone checks in, therefore you'd be able to run any processes that you simply had in your application once this event is triggered.The data is then sent over the web from the application wherever the event originally occurred, to the receiving application that handles the data.Here's a visual representation of what that looks like:      A webhook url is provided by the receiving application, and acts as a phone number that the other application will call once an event happens.Only it's more complicated than a phone number, because data about the event is shipped to the webhook url in either JSON or XML format. this is known as the "payload." Here's an example of what a webhook url looks like with the payload it's carrying:     What are Webhooks? Webhooks are user-defined HTTP callback or push APIs that are raised basedon events triggered, such as comment received on a post and pushing code to the registry. Awebhook allows an application to update other applications with the latest information. Onceinvoked, it supplies data to the other applications, which means that users instantly receive real-timeinformation. Webhooks are sometimes called "Reverse APIs" as they provide what is required for APIspecification, and the developer should create an API to use a webhook. A webhook is an APIconcept that is also used to send text messages and notifications to mobile numbers or email addresses from an application when a specific event is triggered. For instance, if you search for something in the online store and the required item is out of stock, you click on the "Notify me" bar to get an alert from the application when that item is available for purchase.These notifications from the applications are usually sent through webhooks.

https://www.eccouncil.org/what-is-social-engineering/This Social Engineering scam involves an exchange of information that can benefit both the victim and the trickster. Scammers would make the prey believe that a fair exchange will be present between both sides, but in reality, only the fraudster stands to benefit, leaving the victim hanging on to nothing. An example of a Quid Pro Quo is a scammer pretending to be an IT support technician.The con artist asks for the login credentials of the company's computer saying that the company is going to receive technical support in return. Once the victim has provided the credentials, the scammer now has control over the company's computer and may possibly load malware or steal personal information that can be a motive to commit identity theft."A quid pro quo attack (aka something for something" attack) is a variant of baiting. Instead of baiting a target with the promise of a good, a quid pro quo attack promises a service or a benefit based on the execution of a specific action."https://resources.infosecinstitute.com/topic/commonsocial- engineeringattacks/#:~: text=A%20quid%20pro%20quo%20attack,execution%20of%20a%20specific%20action.

Out-of-band SQL injection occurs when an attacker is unable to use an equivalent channel to launch the attack and gather results. ... Out-of-band SQLi techniques would believe the database server's ability to form DNS or HTTP requests to deliver data to an attacker. Out-of-band SQL injection is not very common, mostly because it depends on features being enabled on the database server being used by the web application. Out-of-band SQL injection occurs when an attacker is unable to use the same channel to launch the attack and gather results.Out-of-band techniques, offer an attacker an alternative to inferential time-based techniques, especially if the server responses are not very stable (making an inferential time-based attack unreliable).Out-of-band SQLi techniques would rely on the database server's ability to make DNS or HTTPrequests to deliver data to an attacker. Such is the case with Microsoft SQLServer's xp_dirtree command, which can be used to make DNSrequests to a server an attackercontrols; as well as Oracle Database's UTL_HTTP package, which can be used to send HTTP requestsfrom SQL and PL/SQL to a server an attacker controls.

One of the most common Nmap usage scenarios is scanning an Ethernet LAN. Most LANs, especially those that use the private address range granted by RFC 1918, do not always use the overwhelming majority of IP addresses. When Nmap attempts to send a raw IP packet, such as an ICMP echo request, the OS must determine a destination hardware (ARP) address, such as the target IP, so that the Ethernet frame can be properly addressed. .. This is required to issue a series of ARP requests.This is best illustrated by an example where a ping scan is attempted against an Area Ethernet host.The send-ip option tells Nmap to send IP-level packets (rather than raw Ethernet), even on area networks. The Wireshark output of the three ARP requests and their timing have been pasted into the session.Raw IP ping scan example for offline targets This example took quite a couple of seconds to finish because the (Linux) OS sent three ARP requests at 1 second intervals before abandoning the host. Waiting for a few seconds is excessive, as long as the ARP response usually arrives within a few milliseconds. Reducing this timeout period is not a priority for OS vendors, as the overwhelming majority of packets are sent to the host that actually exists. Nmap, on the other hand, needs to send packets to 16 million IP s given a target like 10.0.0.0/8. Many targets are pinged in parallel, but waiting 2 seconds each is very delayed.There is another problem with raw IP ping scans on the LAN. If the destination host turns out to be unresponsive, as in the previous example, the source host usually adds an incomplete entry for that destination IP to the kernel ARP table.ARP tablespaces are finite and some operating systems become unresponsive when full. If Nmap is used in rawIP mode (send-ip), Nmap may have to wait a few minutes for the ARP cache entry to expire before continuing host discovery.ARP scans solve both problems by giving Nmap the highest priority. Nmap issues raw ARP requests and handles retransmissions and timeout periods in its sole discretion. The system ARP cache is bypassed. The example shows thedifference. This ARP scan takes just over a tenth of the time it takes for an equivalent IP.Example b ARP ping scan of offline target     In example b, neither the -PR option nor the -send-eth option has any effect. This is often because ARP has a default scan type on the Area Ethernet network when scanning Ethernet hosts that Nmap discovers. This includes traditional wired Ethernet as 802.11 wireless networks. As mentioned above, ARP scanning is not only more efficient, but also more accurate. Hosts frequently block IP-based ping packets, but usually cannot block ARP requests or responses and communicate over the network.Nmap uses ARP instead of all targets on equivalent targets, even if different ping types (such as -PE and -PS) are specified. LAN.. If you do not need to attempt an ARP scan at all, specify  send-ip as shown in Example a "Raw IP Ping Scan for Offline Targets".If you give Nmap control to send raw Ethernet frames, Nmap can also adjust the source MAC address. If you have the only PowerBook in your security conference room and a large ARP scan is initiated from an Apple-registered MAC address, your head may turn to you. Use the spoof-mac option to spoof the MAC address as described in the MAC Address Spoofing section.

Operation Cloud Hopper was an in depth attack and theft of data in 2017 directed at MSP within the uk (U.K.), us (U.S.), Japan, Canada, Brazil, France, Switzerland, Norway, Finland, Sweden, South Africa , India, Thailand, South Koreaand Australia. The group used MSP as intermediaries to accumulate assets and trade secrets from MSP client engineering, MSP industrial manufacturing, retail, energy, pharmaceuticals, telecommunications, and government agencies.Operation Cloud Hopper used over 70 variants of backdoors, malware and trojans. These were delivered through spear-phishing emails. The attacks scheduled tasks or leveraged services/utilities to continue Microsoft Windows systems albeit the pc system was rebooted. It installed malware and hacking tools to access systems and steal data.

A cloud carrier acts as an intermediary that provides connectivity and transport of cloud services between cloud consumers and cloud providers.Cloud carriers provide access to consumers through network, telecommunication and other access devices. for instance, cloud consumers will obtain cloud services through network access devices, like computers, laptops, mobile phones, mobile web devices (MIDs), etc.The distribution of cloud services is often provided by network and telecommunication carriers or a transport agent, wherever a transport agent refers to a business organization that provides physical transport of storage media like high-capacity hard drives.Note that a cloud provider can started SLAs with a cloud carrier to provide services consistent with the level of SLAs offered to cloud consumers, and will require the cloud carrier to provide dedicated and secure connections between cloud consumers and cloud providers.

Hootsuite may be a social media management platform that covers virtually each side of a social media manager's role.With only one platform users area unit ready to do the easy stuff like reverend cool content and schedule posts on social media in all the high to managing team members and measure ROI.There area unit many totally different plans to decide on from, from one user set up up to a bespoken enterprise account that's appropriate for much larger organizations.Conducting location search on social media sites such as Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook helps attackers to detect the geolocation of the target. This information further helps attackers to perform various social engineering and non-technical attacks. Many online tools such as Followerwonk, Hootsuite, and Sysomos are available to search for both geotagged and non-geotagged information on social media sites. Attackers search social media sites using these online tools using keywords, usernames, date, time, and so on...

Docker uses a client-server design. The docker client talks to the docker daemon, that will the work of building, running, and distributing your docker containers. The docker client and daemon will run on the same system, otherwise you will connect a docker consumer to a remote docker daemon. The docker consumer and daemon communicate using a REST API, over OS sockets or a network interface.     The docker daemon (dockerd) listens for docker API requests and manages docker objects like pictures, containers, networks, and volumes. A daemon may communicate with other daemons to manage docker services.

An iPhone client's most noticeably terrible bad dream is to have somebody oversee his/her gadget, including the capacity to record and control all action without waiting be in a similar room. In this blog entry, we present another weakness called "Trustjacking", which permits an aggressor to do precisely that.This weakness misuses an iOS highlight called iTunes Wi-Fi sync, which permits a client to deal with their iOS gadget without genuinely interfacing it to their PC. A solitary tap by the iOS gadget proprietor when the two are associated with a similar organization permits an assailant to oversee the gadget. Furthermore, we will stroll through past related weaknesses and show the progressions that iPhone has made to alleviate them, and why these are adequately not to forestall comparative assaults.After interfacing an iOS gadget to another PC, the clients are being found out if they trust the associated PC or not. Deciding to believe the PC permits it to speak with the iOS gadget by means of the standard iTunes APIs.This permits the PC to get to the photographs on the gadget, perform reinforcement, introduce applications and considerably more, without requiring another affirmation from the client and with no recognizable sign. Besides, this permits enacting the "iTunes Wi-Fi sync" highlight, which makes it conceivable to proceed with this sort of correspondence with the gadget even after it has been detached from the PC, as long as the PC and the iOS gadget are associated with a similar organization. It is intriguing to take note of that empowering "iTunes Wi-Fi sync" doesn't need the casualty's endorsement and can be directed simply from the PC side.Getting a live stream of the gadget's screen should be possible effectively by consistently requesting screen captures and showing or recording them distantly.It is imperative to take note of that other than the underlying single purpose of disappointment, approving the vindictive PC, there is no other component that forestalls this proceeded with access.Likewise, there isn't anything that informs the clients that by approving the PC they permit admittance to their gadget even in the wake of detaching the USB link.